To Know That It Will Stay: A Selfish Literary Spark Plug

I write about politics. Or, properly, I attempt to write politically. When I sit down to write, the task is, practically speaking, always the same. I charge myself with disentangling a particular text (used in that vague Art School sense, where a system of government might be ‘read’ along the same lines as a book or a film) by artificially separating it, for the purposes of analysis, from the assumptions on which it rests, the conditions under which it was produced, the ways in which it is interpreted. This is done in the interest of offering some unexpected or perhaps deliberately silenced understanding of just how that ‘text’ works, why it matters, what effects it has on us and the ways in which we think of ourselves as political beings.

I look for gaps, discontinuities, and misconnections, because that’s where politics happens: in negative space. In the yawning vacuum between the way we presume things to be and the many ways in which they might be otherwise, we find the exercise of power, the sliding of power into force, the disintegration of force into trauma and loss, and the organization of trauma and loss into identities and identifications that try and fail to seal the vacuum up once again.

The upshot of this kind of writing is that, given how truly terrible the world is on a regular basis, I rarely find myself in want of topics. I don’t, like many fiction writers and poets I know, regularly panic that I’ve written my last screed. Writing does not feel to me like uranium or fresh water or redwood cedar. It won’t truly run out, dry up, or be mined out of existence by my regular indulgence. There will, miserably, always be some atrocity, some trauma, some violence to be addressed. Even more abundantly, there will always be other political writers setting reprehensible things to paper that I, in a righteous huff, will declare myself responsible for critiquing.

Of course, this is not the case, but such is my thought process.

Despite this grim abundance, however, I have struggled in recent months to commit any of it to print. There’s a reasonable chance that this struggle is simply a function of my increasing despondence at how absolutely dreadful this world is capable of being, indeed how dreadful this world seems to insist upon being. It may be that my heart, my compassion, my patience are simply used up. But there is something more, I think, to my late falling out with words.

After all, I know where they are. I still store them in the same places, keep them on the same shelves as I always have. And their stocks are robust. Like I said, words do not strike me as finite. Take, for example, my unfailing ability to come up with and loudly share large quantities of them when they are most unwelcome and unneeded. The words remain, the same as they always have, the same as they always will. But these days, I find myself ignoring them more than ever, glancing sideways out of cowardice rather than squaring with their expectant gaze. I just don’t love them the way I used to.

And so here I find myself, staring down the most terrifying of all written forms (the personal essay) as a first step to sorting out just where, if anywhere, that affair has wondered, where the spark might have strayed.

Perhaps I have misjudged. Maybe I should have treated my profession like uranium, after all.

Rest assured, though, the present effort will not be some Kerouackian musing on the waifishness of Writing and the ways in which it suffocates Truth (you know…because Kerouac is terrible). Rather it will be more like a Lifetime movie, probably. I can’t look my words in the eye anymore primarily because we’re bored with one another. We’re staring down 40, and I’ve yet to take that trip to Switzerland that I planned with my college roommate all those years ago. We stay because it’s convenient and safe and it feels fine. We look good together at parties and sometimes, if we don’t eat too much at dinner, the sex is great. But we’re sick of each other all the same. We sleep back to back now, telling each other that it’s because of our leg pain and our fear of looking out ground-floor windows at night, respectively.

Which is all to say that we’re embarrassed by one another, my writing and I. Or probably that we’re embarrassed by ourselves in one another’s company. Often, when I review what I write, I find myself cringing less at the grammar and the claims than I do at the imagined sight of my own face as I read. It is this embarrassment, this humiliation that best defines my relationship to writing. What other word can capture those sheepish shrugs that we exchange as we make our way out the door in the morning? That elevator small talk that we use to get through another day?

Because I am a perfectly predictable moody urban something or other, this puts me in mind of a song by someone I admire, and for a description of this sensation, I defer to its lyrics: “I took off my glasses while you were yelling at me once–more than once–so as not to see you see me react. Should have put them, should have put them on again, so I could see you see me sincerely yelling back.”

All the same, I’m not quite willing to give up on it all. There is something that keeps me in this mostly unhappy arrangement with what I produce, with what I often fail to produce. Given that I have no intention of discovering that something via a whirlwind tour of Italy, wherein I learn to let go and love both carbs and my knobby knees in equal measure[1], here is what I can offer in the way of an explanation:

Arundhati Roy, the Indian author and activist, writes words that I love with an unqualified heart. Even on the rare occasion when I find myself moved to quibble with her political analyses, the compulsion withers under the weight of my love for her prose. It is crystalline and insurgent, simple and breathless, sweeping and present. Alice Walker, writing of Arundhati’s book Listening to Grasshoppers, gets it completely correct when she says that “The fierceness with which Arundhati Roy loves humanity moves my heart.” This painful, wrenching, acute love for human life, paired with a righteous and rigorous opposition to those forces and conditions that make human lives unlivable, gives Roy’s words the menacing weight of a properly-swung sledge hammer.

But unlike that blunt instrument, Roy’s writing leaves scars instead of bruises. It doesn’t take much of a tactician, after all, to leave a bruise. A misguided backback on a crowded bus can do that well enough. And that lack of care shows: bruises fade. There’s nothing particular, nothing persistent about a bruise. It’s shallow. It’s like when a contestant on a reality TV show cries: It’s ugly, and sometimes it spreads and discolours into even uglier forms, but it fades all the same.

Scars are different. They’re precise and contained, left by sharpened edges that vanish exactly where and when their utility is to be performed. They never spread, but they stay. They stay and they stay and they stay. No matter how many scarves or gloves or watches you use to distract attention from them, they will stay.

Arundhati’s writing scars me. It populates my skin with awkward, stubborn little baubles; baubles that, like the one on my left knee (the knobbier of the two), I resent for several years before coming to love as my own. They mimic their origins daily: they mark where I have been sewn up and healed, and so anchor the memory of how certain words struck me, landed in me. They are little sutures, little stitchings-up around which I can organize myself and against which I can keep time. The way parents sometimes do when they scratch their children’s height on the inside of a doorframe.

All of this is to say that Arundhati is a tremendous writer who you should 1) start reading immediately in the event that you haven’t already, and 2) listen to on matters of writing as a practice.

In a recent essay called “We Call This Progress,” she says this about why she writes:

Quite often, when you see what is being done to people, it creates rage in you and humiliation if you keep quiet. People ask me why I write, and I say it’s in order to not be humiliated. I don’t write for anything else except to not be humiliated. Every time I write, I keep telling myself that I won’t do it again, but it’s like I can’t contain it inside my body; I write, and it’s a relief.

As I have already said, I am embarrassed, often and increasingly so, by my relationship with words and how I use them. I am reasonably humiliated, for example, by the fact that not 700 words ago, I quoted extensively from a Fiona Apple song in my very serious essay about writing and humiliation.

I am, like Roy and people at Fiona Apple concerts, terrified of silence and the humiliation that usually comes after. As such, every time I write, I constantly rehearse a kind of perverse rosary in which I convince myself that what I am doing is necessary and, while not exactly heroic, is also not exactly nothing: “This is important. This needs to be said. There is a silence here that must be broken. This blog post, which will be read by 29 people and earn me the title of Hamas apologist[2], will be a force.”

Of course, I know this to be mostly untrue. With the notable exceptions of Malcolm Gladwell and anyone who has ever written a book about a road trip, writers are usually acutely aware of the fact that what they do is basically frivolous.

With this in mind, the function of my rosary is two-fold: it is 1) an act of self-defense that I use to shore myself up against my own frivolity, and 2) it is a bulwark against the humiliation that I would experience if, at some point in the future, it were revealed that when given the option between writing (not exactly nothing) and staying silent (exactly nothing), I had chosen the latter.

But what happens when the bulwark against embarrassment is itself an increasing embarrassment? I write out of self-defense, out of the fear of being humiliated, but find myself no less humiliated when I look upon what I’ve wrought. It always turns out as a tangle of words that get lost in themselves, like moody teenagers, dragged around by sentences that don’t care because they have work to do. It all leads to some climactic fight between the two where very little is resolved, but at least someone usually cries. And in Lifetime movies, that’s a good enough reason to fade to black.

In philosophy, by the way, this is called Dialectics.

Either way, when I write, I find myself not relieved but embarrassed all over again. Perhaps it’s because what I string together seems to me so obviously meant to absolve myself of culpability, to spare myself the discomfort of not having taken a side when push finally comes to shove. Or perhaps I’m embarrassed that this, of all things, is my strategy in the first place. Maybe I’m embarrassed at having made the wrong decision with respect to coping strategies to begin with

After all, some pick exercise, some pick the fine arts, others pick protest, and still others pick landscaping. But me…I picked writing. And not just writing, but political writing, which for those who don’t indulge, is a world made up of two kinds of people: those who don’t know what they’re talking about, and those who know even less, but are better at faking it and usually have better hair. In having made such a choice, I feel vaguely like the worst kind of contestant on The Price is Right. I’m that idiot who tries too hard to listen to too many people in the audience at once, panics, and completely forgets that he has the option of saying “four hundred and one dollars, Bob.”

So why do I stay? Without the relief that Roy finds in words, it seems senseless to keep this up. After all, it’s no way to make a living. It’s not even a way to live a life.

After all this: I stay, probably, for the scars. For the little marks that my humiliation leaves on me that I will hate for several years then return to with a reluctant smile; or, minimally, with a tolerance that exceeds tolerance, a tolerance that isn’t exactly warmth but isn’t exactly nothing, either. I stay for the chance, amid the rewrites, the uncertainty, and the sting that comes with the first blush of a new embarrassment, to trace the weird contours of the figures that will persist somewhere, somehow.

I stay because the best gift I ever got was a book, an eighth or ninth-hand copy of Querelle of Brest by Jean Genet, which a friend gave to me for a birthday that I no longer remember.

That book, and the clumsy, unstable, often unpleasant circumstances in which I inherited it, remain a lump in my throat. I recall being incapable of making the text perform as either pure fantasy or pure documentary. I could push it into no service, move it towards no end. Genet’s searing prose left me as misty as the dark ports-of-call through which his swarthy sailors lurch. I devoured the story but found that it failed miserably the instant I attempted to “put it to use,” either as escapist fiction or didactic parable.

Despite my best efforts, it became the unexpected centre around which a desperate, sometimes ugly, frequently boozy, oddly caring moment of my life could be organized. It gave shape, if not dimension, to a time that I’m glad I still recall, and hope to always recall, one that I hope will not dislodge. That is to say, it became a scar. It became one of those discontinuous little marks that anchor and re-anchor a life, this life, otherwise wrapped up in its ludicrous circuits of vanity, self-doubt, and humiliation.

I feel a compulsive need to enact these kinds of scars; to create stubborn knots that have no names–or at least names that I can’t speak–but that name themselves in the demands they issue to me (and with any luck, to others): to allow myself to come up short and be always incomplete; to remember that this body can be marked by the world, sometimes for the worse, sometimes for the better; to know that I can return to the places where those marks reside–more or less embarrassed at their presence, more or less willing to be at home with them–and they will still be there; to know that this return will never be easy, that it will always be frivolous. But to know that it will stay.


[1] There are, as I have already mentioned, certain similarities between how I live and how people live in Lifetime-style movies. But there is a limit to those similarities. That limit is called Eat, Pray, Love (though the actual knobbiness of my knees is truly a sight to behold).

[2] This is true and recent.

Reading 2012

Over the past twelve months I feel that I’ve written, spoken, and published my fair share, more than my fair share. So rather than adding to an already selfish word count with some sort of year end essay, I wanted to share the writing that I’ve found most moving, most provocative, and most important over the past year. Many of these pieces are years old at this point, but nonetheless new to me and seem, for a variety of reasons, as urgent today as they were when first published (if not moreso). I’ve provided full text links wherever possible, and on occasion, pulled out particularly important passages.

1. “Violence, Mourning, Politics” by Judith Butler. As published in Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence

What grief displays…is the thrall in which our relations with others hold us, in ways that we cannot always recount or explain, in ways that often interrupt the self-conscious account of ourselves we might try to provide, in ways that challenge the very notion of ourselves as autonomous and in control. I might try to tell a story here about what I am feeling, but it would have to be a story in which the very ‘I’ who seeks to tell the story is stopped by its relation to the Other, a relation that does not precisely reduce me to speechlessness, but does nevertheless clutter my speech with signs of its undoing. I tell a story about the relations I choose, only to expose, somewhere along the way, the way I am gripped and undone by these very relations. My narrative falters, as it must.

2. “Precarious Life and the Obligations of Cohabitation” by Judith Butler (video also available)

3. “I affirm a Judaism that is not associated with state violence…” by Judith Butler

4.”Joy” by Zadie Smith

5. “How Not to Talk About Gaza” by Colin Dayan

That story is told through the landscape. How do lives become expendable? Dispossessed of their homes and ancestral lands and labeled as outsiders and enemies, Palestinians are confined as nothing more than superfluity. Even if their neighborhoods remain, they are ravaged and filled with debris. Uprooted olive trees. Piled-up branches and trunks of rotting fruit trees. Slabs of concrete standing out of the ground like tombstones. Fences, walls, roadblocks, earth mounts, checkpoints, trenches—we drove through a wilderness of barriers, as if some crazy wizard decided to fit every kind of partition into the smallest amount of space.

6. “Azadi” by Arundhati Roy. As published in Listening to Grasshoppers, originally printed in full by Outlook India.

7. “How to get under Aaron Sorkin’s skin” by Sarah Nicole Prickett

8. “Cruising Utopia: The Then and There of Queer Futurity” by José Esteban Muzñoz

Queerness is not yet here. Queerness is an ideality. Put another way, we are not yet queer. We may never touch queerness, but we can feel it as the warm illumination of a horizon imbued with potentiality. We have never been queer, yet queerness exists for us as an ideality that can be distilled from the past and used to imagine a future. The future is queerness’s domain. Queerness is a structuring and educated mode of desiring that allows us to see and feel beyond the quagmire of the present. The here and now is a prison house. We must strive, in the face of the here and now’s totalizing rendering of reality, to think and feel a then and there.

9. “Global Positioning: An Interview with Ricardo Dominguez” by Lawrence Bird

10.  Slavoj Zizek’s letter to Pussy Riot

11. “The Racism of Intellectuals” by Alain Badiou (translation)

12. “Queers Fail Better: Q&A with listen chen” in Poetry is Dead

Thank you to all those who write.

Looking Toward Justice: Ricardo Dominguez and Radical Media Democracy

On November 3, 2012, San Diego-based media artist Ricardo Dominguez was scheduled to speak at Media Democracy Days Vancouver. Due to a severe family medical emergency, however, he had to cancel. In his absence, I was asked to deliver a talk on his work and what it means for the project of media democratization. Below are the speaking notes from that talk, adapted from an original article “Hacking the Border to Pieces: technology, poetics, and protest at the speed of dreams” published by Art Threat. My thanks to the Media Democracy Days team for inviting me to speak, and my deepest sympathies to Ricardo, who is a truly remarkable human being. 

Good morning, everyone and thank you for being here. Let me first echo Stuart in apologizing for Ricardo’s absence, but more importantly in sending all of our best thoughts and wishes to he and his family in what is surely a difficult time.

It feels callous to say it given the circumstances, but I’m truly honoured to be speaking with you this morning. I also feel exceptionally lucky in that, unlike many of the people in this room, I recently had an opportunity to chat with Ricardo one-on-one. Admittedly, at the time, I only knew the general contours of his work, and so I wasn’t quite sure what to expect from our conversation. But to be quite honest, I’m not sure any amount of background research could have prepared me for how radically his visions of the digital world, of digital bodies, and of poetic media activisms would change the way I thought about our political relationship with media technologies.

Our conversation eventually turned into an article that was generously published by Art Threat, and was just yesterday reprinted by rabble.ca. And so, in Ricardo’s absence, I was asked by the MDD team to share some of that article with you today. But what I’d like to do more specifically is consider what Ricardo’s remarkable work means for the people gathered here today, for the project of media democracy, and what calls it makes upon us as advocates, activists, and organizers.

For the past 30 years, Ricardo Dominguez, now based in San Diego, has cut a remarkable silhouette on the North American political and artistic landscape.Since the 1980s, Dominguez and his many collaborators have steadfastly challenged prevailing understandings of what it means to be “digital.” Backed by a tremendous array of mind-bending media art projects, he and his colleagues have developed what I would call, in a mouthful, a radical poetics of collective action and imagination that reckons with the politics of neoliberalism, globalization and migration.

Maybe not surprisingly, his work has consistently raised the ire of some formidable foes, including various bodies within the Mexican Government, the U.S. Departments of Defense and Justice, several Republican congressmen, and the FBI Office of Cyber Crimes. Ultra-right wing Fox News personality Glenn Beck has even claimed that Dominguez’ poetry threatens to “dissolve” the American nation state. High praise.

This remarkable history of disturbance (which continues today through Dominguez’ work with the b.a.n.g. lab at UCSD’s Calit2 institute) finds its roots in the work of the renowned Critical Art Ensemble, a collective of tactical media practitioners that emerged in Tallahassee, Florida in the mid-1980s.

Following the 1994 publication of one of the CAE’s first texts – Electronic Disturbance – the collective, including Dominguez, began to seriously explore the possibilities of what would become known as “electronic civil disobedience.” As he recalls, the concept “emerged in our dialogue as a way to imagine a new space of contestation and reimagine new forms of civil disobedience; we wanted to explore non-violent direct action through blockage and trespass.”

Inflected by the aesthetic and poetic grounding of the Ensemble, these imaginings were focused on establishing what Dominguez calls a “performative matrix or space of practice that enabled us to bring data bodies and real bodies together in a form of non-violent protest.” Electronic civil disobedience, thought along the lines of a critical aesthetic and artistic practice, would call up the tradition of “Gandhian satyagraha — that your body is a space of contestation and protest” but ask, “How does one do it online?”

That performative matrix eventually came to fruition in the form of the Electronic Disturbance Theatre and what has since become its hallmark performance: the virtual sit in. Leveraging the basic functions (reload and the “404-file not found” protocol) of early browsers like Netscape and Mosaic, Dominguez and the EDT, in the early 1990s, began staging a number of participatory Denial of Service attacks on bodies such as the Mexican Government and the U.S. Department of Justice. To participate in the sit in, demonstrators would simply run a basic, open source JavaScript on their browser, the sole function of which was to refresh a target website over and over again. The target server would clog with the redundant requests and, in effect, shut down.

By the standards of contemporary hacker culture, the virtual sit-in might seem a rudimentary exercise. For Dominguez, that was precisely the point. Against what he calls the “fetish of technological efficiency” and the air of shadowy anonymity that runs through state discourses of “cyber war, cyber terrorism, cyber crime” and hacktivist culture itself, the work of the EDT has from the beginning pursued “radical transparency.”

“The aesthetic practice” of the sit ins and similar disturbances, he says, “would be not to be anonymous, not to seek to crack into servers and use them as zombies that might or might not represent the number of people participating.” Rather, it was organized around “the public features of the browser,” and drew its strength from its collectivity, its desire to that leverage the force of multiple bodies acting together in virtual space.

It’s a tactic that pushes us as advocates and to think more expansively and creatively about online activism. The virtual sit in makes it clear that a digital politics (and a politics of the digital), must exceed technocratic considerations of efficiency. It demands that we explore as well, questions of “symbolic efficacy,” of poetry, of human relationality, of feeling and sensing, and in the spirit of various democratic uprisings around the world, of bodies meeting and supporting one another in space and time.

Perhaps nowhere in Dominguez’ catalogue of projects does this call for an activist-artistic practice that overflows the “wired, California ideology” of hyper-efficiency ring clearer than in the Transborder Immigrant Tool (TBT).

Making the most of the rudimentary GPS applets built into cell phones available aftermarket in Mexico for around $40, Dominguez and his EDT/Calit2 colleagues transform basic mobile handsets into navigation and survival tools for Mexican citizens attempting to cross the treacherous and heavily policed Mexico-U.S. border zone. Built into the hacked applet is data from NGOs like Border Angels, who maintain clean water sites and life-saving stations along migration routes, as well as information about where to find safe housing and shelter.

At its core an instrument of survival, the Tool nonetheless retains the radical artistic impulses that compel us to recast the very terms of what counts as digital “politics” and digital “activism.”

The cell phone, after all, tends to be constructed by market rhetoric on contradictory but nonetheless related terms. On the one hand, it’s the ultimate symbol of the kind of mobile hyper-connectivity presupposed (and demanded) by globalized transcapital. If advertising images and narratives are to be believed, our mobile devices, tethered to what Mark Andrejevic has evocatively called the “electromagnetic umbilicus“ of the network, enable us to traverse new terrains, to explore new horizons, to connect with a whole world of strangers, irrespective of geophysical constraints.

On the other hand, the cell phone also registers as an instrument of location. At the tap of a finger, our precise coordinates can be pulled out of the digital ether, triangulated and linked to all sorts of hyper-localized data, often in ways that retrench corporate profit imperatives and establish regimes of surveillance and enclosure.

Dominguez’s appropriation of the mobile phone, not surprisingly, turns this already-vexed relation between location and dislocation on its head. In the first place, as Dominguez remarks, the promise of mobility advanced by our various digital devices is almost always anchored in a specific — and extremely narrow — assumption about where bodies can and cannot exist in the first place. In his words, “a great deal of this new enclosure and mobility is very much rooted in the urban … where is my friend, where is coffee, how do we connect these two.” Against this city- and market-centric tendency, which implicitly declares those in rural and migratory zones as somehow unlocatable (or perhaps not worthy of being located), the TBT explicitly asks “how can we reconfigure, disturb, dislocate?”

For those who would identify as activists or advocates, these questions should be critical precisely because borders and other environments that don’t slot easily into a market-driven mediascape, are configured by those in positions of power as non-spaces. They’re places that, beyond simply not being seen, are places that can’t be seen because our systems of seeing–that is, our media–tangled up as they are with neoliberal economics and its cult of individualism, with various racisms, colonialisms, and imperialisms, don’t include them.

Thus, despite the fact that at any given moment, there are likely more people on this planet traversing border zones than there are living fixedly in nation states, such zones remain not only invisible within our political mappings, but impossible.

This impossibility raises urgent ethical questions about how we account for the lives that those zones hold, the communities that come together and dissolve along their contours, the specifically human bodies that are more than the labour power they exert; bodies that are poetic, thoughtful, sensual, excessive and, as Dominguez rightly insists, “transformative.” And here is where Ricardo’s work presents us, as activists, with an essential question: how do we see the spaces that prevailing systems of power don’t want us to see and in fact make it impossible to see? How do we see their billions of inhabitants, and take account of their unique and uniquely transformative lives?

These are exactly the questions that the TBT takes up, and precisely the kind of questions that we might take up in our own media activist work. The cell phone–the ultimate neoliberal locative instrument (because it encloses precisely by promising mobility)–once transformed into the TBT, becomes an explosive lever of dislocation that registers those experiences of crossing and being in-between that can give legibility to the most vulnerable among us and reveal the ways in which we all rely, for our very survival, on being seen by and connected to others outside the narrow horizon of economic value. And so, even as it preserves human lives by increasing access to the most basic of material necessities, the TBT also calls upon us to imagine survival anew and, to radically rethink the very resources that make life possible, to rethink what it might be.

For me, this is nothing short of the radicalization of media democracy, and a testament to the paramount importance of that project. A radically democratic media environment does more than improve the quality of journalism or deconstruct and challenge problematic forms of representation–though it certainly does all those things, and does nothing to detract from their importance. A radically democratic media environment, as Ricardo’s work shows us, works to redraw the very boundaries of visibility. It redistributes the resources of seeing and being seen, and compels us to engage with images and stories and technologies in such a way that we are taken beyond ourselves, dislocated, and sent on poetic wanderings. It demands that we think expansively about new ways of being in common. It pulls us toward others, and ties us inescapably together in coalitions that might advance new visions of survival, justice, and solidarity.

I’m reluctant to hazard the guess, but I think this is what Ricardo meant when he told me, “we’re thinking borders not as science, but as science fiction.” To preserve a fictive, poetic, imaginative space of potentials and questions within institutions and structures–like national borders or unequal power relations–otherwise aggressively policed, is to establish new networks and connections that elude and overflow the rigid foreclosures performed by those structures. It is to stubbornly question, to resolutely trespass, translate, and wander toward more just ways of living with and seeing one another.